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Criminal law is a branch of law that deals with offenses or crimes committed against the state or society as a whole. It defines what constitutes a crime and establishes the penalties for those who violate the law. Crimes can range from minor offenses like theft or vandalism to serious ones like murder or assault. Criminal law aims to maintain order, protect citizens, and provide justice by holding individuals accountable for their actions. The process typically involves investigation, prosecution, and punishment, with the goal of deterrence and rehabilitation for offenders, while ensuring fairness and rights for the accused in a court of law.