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Yes, Australia has a constitution. The Australian Constitution came into effect on January 1, 1901, and is the foundation for how the country is governed. It establishes the federal system, dividing powers between the Commonwealth and the states. The Constitution outlines the roles of the Parliament, Executive, and Judiciary, and also protects certain rights, like the right to vote and freedom of religion. However, many rights aren't explicitly listed, unlike in countries like the U.S. Changes to the Constitution can only occur through a referendum, which requires a majority of voters nationwide and a majority in at least four of the six states.